State Box - switchAILocal

The State Box is switchAILocal’s centralized, secure storage system for all mutable application data. It ensures that your AI provider configurations, feedback data, and credentials are stored safely outside the repository, with automatic security hardening and atomic write protection.

Overview

What is the State Box?

The State Box is a mandatory architectural boundary that separates code from data:

Location: ~/.switchailocal/ (customizable via SWITCHAI_STATE_DIR)
Purpose: Centralized storage for all persistent state
Security: Automatic permission hardening (0700 directories, 0600 files)
Durability: Atomic write operations with automatic backups
Immutable-Friendly: Full support for read-only environments (NixOS, containers)

The State Box is automatically initialized on first startup. No manual configuration required.

Directory Structure

~/.switchailocal/
├── discovery/
│   ├── registry.json          # Discovered AI models
│   └── registry.json.bak      # Automatic backup
├── intelligence/
│   ├── feedback.db            # Routing feedback database
│   └── feedback.db.bak        # Automatic backup
└── credentials/
    ├── gemini.json            # Provider credentials
    ├── claude.json
    └── openai.json

Permissions:

Directories: 0700 (owner read/write/execute only)
Files: 0600 (owner read/write only)

Configuration

Environment Variables

`SWITCHAI_STATE_DIR`

Override the default State Box location:

# Use custom location
export SWITCHAI_STATE_DIR=/data/switchai-state

# Use relative path (expanded from home)
export SWITCHAI_STATE_DIR=~/my-switchai-data

# Start switchAILocal
./switchAILocal

Default: ~/.switchailocal

`SWITCHAI_READONLY`

Enable read-only mode for immutable environments:

# Enable read-only mode
export SWITCHAI_READONLY=1

# Start switchAILocal
./switchAILocal

When enabled:

All write operations are blocked with clear error messages
Management Dashboard displays a “Read-Only Mode” indicator
Save and edit buttons are disabled
Discovery processes skip writing model registries
Feedback collection is disabled

Default: Disabled (0)

Perfect for Immutable Deployments

Read-only mode is ideal for:

NixOS: Declarative, immutable system configuration
Docker: Read-only root filesystems
Kubernetes: ConfigMap-based configuration
CI/CD: Ephemeral test environments

State is preserved in persistent volumes, while the application layer remains immutable.

Features

1. Atomic File Operations

The State Box uses the rename-swap pattern to ensure data durability:

Buffered Write: Data is written to a temporary file (.tmp.{uuid})
Sync: fsync() is called to flush OS buffers to disk
Atomic Rename: The temporary file is atomically renamed to the target
Backup: The previous version is saved as .bak before overwriting

Write → /tmp/registry.json.tmp.a1b2c3d4
fsync() → Flush to disk
Rename → /tmp/registry.json.tmp.a1b2c3d4 → registry.json
Backup → registry.json → registry.json.bak

Scenario: Power failure during step 1 or 2

Result:
- Original registry.json intact
- Temporary file incomplete (ignored)
- No corruption or data loss
- Automatic recovery on next startup

Benefits:

Power failures during writes don’t corrupt files
Previous versions always available for recovery
No partial writes or corrupted state

2. Automatic Security Hardening

On startup, switchAILocal automatically audits and corrects file permissions:

# Example log output
security audit: corrected permissions for ~/.switchailocal from 0755 to 0700
security audit: corrected permissions for ~/.switchailocal/discovery/registry.json from 0644 to 0600
permission hardening: corrected 2 file/directory permissions

Corrected Permissions:

Directories: 0700 (owner only)
Sensitive Files: 0600 (owner only)
Logging: All corrections logged as security audit events

This happens automatically on every startup. Manually changing permissions will be reverted.

3. Read-Only Mode Support

Perfect for immutable environments like NixOS or containerized deployments:

# Start in read-only mode
SWITCHAI_READONLY=1 ./switchAILocal

Behavior:

All write operations return clear error messages
UI displays read-only indicator
System continues to function for queries and routing
No data loss or corruption

4. Backward Compatibility

If you have an existing auth-dir configuration, switchAILocal will:

Check the legacy auth-dir location first
Fall back to State Box credentials if not found
Automatically migrate credentials on first write

# config.yaml - legacy configuration still works
auth-dir: ~/.switchai/auth

No migration required! Existing configurations continue to work.

API Endpoint

GET /api/state-box/status

Query the current State Box status:

curl http://localhost:18080/api/state-box/status \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer sk-test-123"

Response:

{
  "root_path": "/Users/user/.switchailocal",
  "read_only": false,
  "initialized": true,
  "discovery_registry": {
    "path": "/Users/user/.switchailocal/discovery/registry.json",
    "exists": true,
    "size": 4096,
    "mode": "-rw-------",
    "mod_time": "2026-03-09T10:30:00Z"
  },
  "feedback_database": {
    "path": "/Users/user/.switchailocal/intelligence/feedback.db",
    "exists": true,
    "size": 102400,
    "mode": "-rw-------",
    "mod_time": "2026-03-09T10:25:00Z"
  },
  "permission_status": "ok",
  "warnings": [],
  "errors": []
}

Management Dashboard

The Management Dashboard displays State Box status in the settings panel:

Read-Only Indicator: Shows when the system is in read-only mode
State Box Path: Displays the current State Box location
File Status: Shows discovery registry and feedback database status
Permission Status: Indicates if permissions are correctly hardened

Read-Only Mode Indicator

When SWITCHAI_READONLY=1 is set:

A “Read-Only Mode” badge appears in the top-right corner
All “Save” and “Edit” buttons are disabled
Hovering over the badge shows an explanation tooltip

Docker & Container Deployment

Using State Box with Docker

Mount the State Box directory as a volume:

docker run -v ~/.switchailocal:/root/.switchailocal \
  -p 18080:18080 \
  switchailocal:latest

Or use a named volume:

docker volume create switchai-state
docker run -v switchai-state:/root/.switchailocal \
  -p 18080:18080 \
  switchailocal:latest

Custom State Box Location in Docker

docker run -e SWITCHAI_STATE_DIR=/data/switchai \
  -v /host/data:/data \
  -p 18080:18080 \
  switchailocal:latest

Read-Only Mode in Docker

docker run -e SWITCHAI_READONLY=1 \
  -v ~/.switchailocal:/root/.switchailocal:ro \
  -p 18080:18080 \
  switchailocal:latest

The :ro flag mounts the volume as read-only at the Docker level, preventing any writes.

NixOS Integration

Declarative Configuration

{
  environment.variables = {
    SWITCHAI_STATE_DIR = "/var/lib/switchailocal";
    SWITCHAI_READONLY = "1";  # Optional: enable read-only mode
  };

  systemd.tmpfiles.rules = [
    "d /var/lib/switchailocal 0700 switchai switchai -"
  ];
}

Stateful Directory

{
  systemd.services.switchailocal = {
    serviceConfig = {
      StateDirectory = "switchailocal";
      StateDirectoryMode = "0700";
    };
  };
}

Troubleshooting

State Box Directory Not Found

Error: State Box root directory does not exist Solution: The directory will be created automatically on first write. If you need to pre-create it:

mkdir -p ~/.switchailocal
chmod 0700 ~/.switchailocal

Permission Denied Errors

Error: permission denied when accessing State Box files Solution: Run the permission hardening manually:

# Restart switchAILocal to trigger automatic hardening
./switchAILocal

Or manually fix permissions:

chmod 0700 ~/.switchailocal
chmod 0700 ~/.switchailocal/discovery
chmod 0700 ~/.switchailocal/intelligence
chmod 0700 ~/.switchailocal/credentials
chmod 0600 ~/.switchailocal/discovery/registry.json
chmod 0600 ~/.switchailocal/intelligence/feedback.db

Read-Only Mode Errors

Error: Read-only environment: write operations disabled Solution: This is expected when SWITCHAI_READONLY=1 is set. To enable writes:

unset SWITCHAI_READONLY
./switchAILocal

Corrupted Files

Error: failed to parse registry.json Solution: The system will automatically restore from the .bak file:

# Manual recovery if needed
cp ~/.switchailocal/discovery/registry.json.bak ~/.switchailocal/discovery/registry.json
chmod 0600 ~/.switchailocal/discovery/registry.json

Security Best Practices

1. Protect Credentials

Never commit credentials to version control:

# Add to .gitignore
echo "~/.switchailocal/" >> .gitignore

2. Use Environment Variables

For sensitive data, use environment variables instead of config files:

export GEMINI_API_KEY="your-key-here"
export CLAUDE_API_KEY="your-key-here"

3. Regular Backups

Back up your State Box regularly:

# Daily backup
tar -czf ~/backups/switchai-$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz ~/.switchailocal/

4. Monitor Permissions

Verify permissions are correct:

ls -la ~/.switchailocal/
ls -la ~/.switchailocal/discovery/
ls -la ~/.switchailocal/intelligence/
ls -la ~/.switchailocal/credentials/

Expected output:

drwx------  user  group  ~/.switchailocal/
-rw-------  user  group  ~/.switchailocal/discovery/registry.json
-rw-------  user  group  ~/.switchailocal/intelligence/feedback.db

5. Read-Only Deployments

For production deployments, use read-only mode:

SWITCHAI_READONLY=1 ./switchAILocal

Advanced Topics

Custom State Box Location

For multi-user systems or special deployments:

# User-specific State Box
export SWITCHAI_STATE_DIR=~/.config/switchailocal

# System-wide State Box
export SWITCHAI_STATE_DIR=/opt/switchailocal/state

Migrating Existing Data

If you have existing data in a different location:

# Copy existing data to State Box
mkdir -p ~/.switchailocal
cp -r /old/location/* ~/.switchailocal/

# Fix permissions
chmod 0700 ~/.switchailocal
chmod 0700 ~/.switchailocal/discovery
chmod 0700 ~/.switchailocal/intelligence
chmod 0700 ~/.switchailocal/credentials
chmod 0600 ~/.switchailocal/discovery/registry.json
chmod 0600 ~/.switchailocal/intelligence/feedback.db

Monitoring State Box Operations

Enable debug logging to see State Box operations:

# Set log level to debug
export LOG_LEVEL=debug
./switchAILocal

Look for log messages like:

StateBox initialized at /Users/user/.switchailocal (read-only: false)
security audit: corrected permissions for ...
permission hardening: corrected X file/directory permissions

FAQ

Q: Can I use a network drive for State Box?
A: Not recommended. Network drives may not support atomic operations reliably. Use local storage for best results. Q: What happens if State Box is on a read-only filesystem?
A: Set SWITCHAI_READONLY=1 to enable read-only mode. The system will continue to function for queries. Q: Can I share State Box between multiple machines?
A: Not recommended. Each machine should have its own State Box to avoid conflicts. Q: How do I recover from a corrupted State Box?
A: The system automatically restores from .bak files. If needed, delete the corrupted file and restart. Q: Is State Box compatible with cloud storage (Dropbox, iCloud)?
A: Not recommended. Cloud sync may interfere with atomic writes. Use local storage. Q: Can I disable State Box?
A: No, State Box is mandatory. However, you can use read-only mode to prevent writes.

​Overview

​What is the State Box?

​Directory Structure

​Configuration

​Environment Variables

​SWITCHAI_STATE_DIR

​SWITCHAI_READONLY

​Features

​1. Atomic File Operations

​2. Automatic Security Hardening

​3. Read-Only Mode Support

​4. Backward Compatibility

​API Endpoint

​GET /api/state-box/status

​Management Dashboard

​Read-Only Mode Indicator

​Docker & Container Deployment

​Using State Box with Docker

​Custom State Box Location in Docker

​Read-Only Mode in Docker

​NixOS Integration

​Declarative Configuration

​Stateful Directory

​Troubleshooting

​State Box Directory Not Found

​Permission Denied Errors

​Read-Only Mode Errors

​Corrupted Files

​Security Best Practices

​1. Protect Credentials

​2. Use Environment Variables

​3. Regular Backups

​4. Monitor Permissions

​5. Read-Only Deployments

​Advanced Topics

​Custom State Box Location

​Migrating Existing Data

​Monitoring State Box Operations

​FAQ

​See Also

Overview

What is the State Box?

Directory Structure

Configuration

Environment Variables

`SWITCHAI_STATE_DIR`

`SWITCHAI_READONLY`

Features

1. Atomic File Operations

2. Automatic Security Hardening

3. Read-Only Mode Support

4. Backward Compatibility

API Endpoint

GET /api/state-box/status

Management Dashboard

Read-Only Mode Indicator

Docker & Container Deployment

Using State Box with Docker

Custom State Box Location in Docker

Read-Only Mode in Docker

NixOS Integration

Declarative Configuration

Stateful Directory

Troubleshooting

State Box Directory Not Found

Permission Denied Errors

Read-Only Mode Errors

Corrupted Files

Security Best Practices

1. Protect Credentials

2. Use Environment Variables

3. Regular Backups

4. Monitor Permissions

5. Read-Only Deployments

Advanced Topics

Custom State Box Location

Migrating Existing Data

Monitoring State Box Operations

FAQ

See Also